In general, all car air-conditioners use the same ‘vapour compression refrigeration system' with some small variations. These systems use a refrigerant which, when changing state from a liquid to a gas, absorbs high quantities of heat from the air blown into the car and in turn cools and dehumidifies the car's interior.
To change the state of the refrigerant from a liquid to a gas, it is necessary to change the boiling point. A compressor is used to achieve this, increasing the pressure of the refrigerant to the level required to change it from a gas to a liquid.
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